Climate Risk score
Climate exposure, hazard frequency, and adaptation context for floods, heat, storms, and wildfires.
Climate Risk in Seoul70/100
Climate Risk
Climate Risk in Seoul
Seoul faces meaningful climate exposure from heat, intense rainfall, and storm pressure, balanced by strong adaptation capacity. Climate Risk in Seoul scores 70/100, placing it in the solid group of the indexed set.
- Last updated
- 2026-05-05
- Data year
- 2025
- Module score
- 70/100
Primary hazard
Heat and rainfall
Sustained heat and intense rainfall are the main hazards.
Flood exposure
Moderate-high
River and surface flooding pressure require ongoing investment.
Adaptation capacity
Strong
Engineering and emergency-management capacity build resilience.
Seoul climate risk data table
This HTML table mirrors the visible score cards so important comparison data is never trapped in a browser-only chart.
| Metric | Value | Context |
|---|---|---|
| Primary hazard | Heat and rainfall | Monsoon and typhoon cycles shape planning. |
| Flood exposure | Moderate-high | Major engineering programs reduce expected impact. |
| Adaptation capacity | Strong | Implementation depth supports the score. |
Climate Risk city comparison
A crawlable comparison across every indexed city makes it easy to scan how this module changes between metros.
| City | Score | Summary |
|---|---|---|
| Seoul (this page) | 70/100 | Seoul faces meaningful climate exposure from heat, intense rainfall, and storm pressure, balanced by strong adaptation capacity. |
| Zurich | 80/100 | Zurich's climate-risk profile is comparatively low, shaped mainly by heat waves and Alpine-runoff variability. |
| Copenhagen | 78/100 | Copenhagen carries moderate climate risk centered on coastal flooding and heavy-rain stormwater pressure, with strong adaptation planning. |
| Vienna | 78/100 | Vienna faces moderate climate exposure focused on heat waves and Danube flood scenarios, balanced by active adaptation programs. |
| Amsterdam | 76/100 | Amsterdam's climate-risk profile is shaped by sea-level pressure and rainfall intensity, balanced by world-class water management. |
| Berlin | 75/100 | Berlin faces moderate climate exposure focused on heat waves, surface-water flooding, and drought-pressure on green infrastructure. |
| London | 72/100 | London faces moderate climate exposure shaped by heat waves, Thames flood scenarios, and urban surface-water flooding. |
| Paris | 70/100 | Paris carries moderate climate risk centered on heat waves and Seine flood pressure, with active adaptation programs. |
| Toronto | 70/100 | Toronto faces rising heat, severe-storm, and wildfire-smoke pressure, balanced by solid adaptation programs. |
| Auckland | 70/100 | Auckland faces moderate climate exposure from storms, intense rainfall, and rising sea-level pressure, balanced by active adaptation programs. |
| Barcelona | 68/100 | Barcelona faces rising heat and water-stress pressure, balanced by active adaptation programs and regional planning depth. |
| Nairobi | 68/100 | Nairobi faces meaningful climate exposure from rainfall variability, drought cycles, and rising heat, balanced by active adaptation work. |
| São Paulo | 66/100 | São Paulo faces meaningful climate exposure from heat, intense rainfall, and water-cycle variability, balanced by active adaptation work. |
| Cape Town | 66/100 | Cape Town faces meaningful climate exposure from drought, heat, and wildfire pressure, balanced by active adaptation programs. |
| Singapore | 65/100 | Singapore faces meaningful climate exposure from heat, intense rainfall, and long-run sea-level pressure, balanced by very strong adaptation capacity. |
| Sydney | 65/100 | Sydney faces meaningful climate exposure from heat, bushfire-smoke, and storm pressure, with improving adaptation programs. |
| San Francisco | 65/100 | San Francisco faces concurrent climate exposure from wildfire-smoke, heat, sea-level pressure, and seismic risk, balanced by strong adaptation work. |
| Tokyo | 64/100 | Tokyo faces meaningful climate exposure across heat, storm, and seismic-coupled flood pressure, balanced by strong adaptation capacity. |
| Hong Kong | 64/100 | Hong Kong faces meaningful climate exposure from typhoons, heat, and coastal pressure, balanced by strong engineering capacity. |
| Mexico City | 62/100 | Mexico City faces meaningful climate exposure centered on water scarcity, subsidence, and rising heat, balanced by long-running adaptation programs. |
| New York | 60/100 | New York faces meaningful coastal flood, heat, and storm exposure. Adaptation investment is significant but not yet at parity with the hazard. |
| Dubai | 60/100 | Dubai faces meaningful climate exposure from sustained heat and water-resource constraints, balanced by active adaptation and infrastructure investment. |
| Bangkok | 56/100 | Bangkok faces meaningful climate exposure from heat, intense rainfall, and long-run flood and subsidence pressure, balanced by active adaptation work. |
Interpretation
Climate-risk scoring weighs hazard exposure with adaptation capacity. Seoul's hazards are real; engineering capacity supports a healthy score. Across the indexed cities the climate risk average is 68/100, so Seoul is close to the median for this dimension. Data year 2025; last updated 2026-05-05. Drawn from 3 institutional references.
Read this module with the main open the seoul city profile and the read the scoring methodology page so single-topic pages do not hide tradeoffs across dimensions.
This page uses a typed sample dataset shaped to demonstrate the indexable content structure. Values are directional and not official measurements.
Sources
3 institutional references inform this view, listed below with reliability notes. Mock values are typed and ready to be replaced by API-backed city datasets without changing route structure.
- IPCC: AR6 WGII Chapter 6: Cities, settlements and key infrastructure
Used to explain urban climate vulnerability and adaptation scoring logic.
- NASA: NASA POWER
Used as an energy-resource and weather-normalization reference.
- UN-Habitat: World Cities Report 2024
Used as a policy and methodology reference for urban exposure and resilience signals.
Continue exploring
These links connect module pages back to city, ranking, and sibling topic paths with crawlable href values.
Seoul city profile
Return to the complete Seoul profile with all module scores and source context.
Cost of Living in Seoul
Affordability, essential costs, and day-to-day financial pressure for residents.
Air Quality in Seoul
Health-oriented air-quality conditions with context from WHO, EEA, and EPA benchmarks.
Energy in Seoul
Clean-energy readiness, grid resilience, and solar or efficiency opportunity signals.
Safety in Seoul
Personal safety, institutional trust, and resilience signals informed by international safety and crime data.
Internet Speed in Seoul
Broadband and mobile connectivity quality, latency, and digital-readiness signals for residents and remote workers.
Overall Intelligence
A balanced ranking of cities across affordability, air quality, clean-energy readiness, and resilience.
Quality of Life
Cities that combine strong services, mobility, safety, clean air, and resilience into a healthy day-to-day profile.